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HIP,
HIP, HIP, Hooray
YOU are better than YOU think. Show yourself how:
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Logic
chapters 1 to 5 re- appear not in sequence, as is or longer,
in Volume 1A, Pattern Based
Reason, Bon Appetite.
Logic
Mastery
Amazing, Amusing, Amorous, Delicious, Delightful, Edifying,
Strengthening Elixir.
It eases work & learning difficulties Makes the hard easier. Opens eyes.
Leads to greater precision.
in reading and
writing
Logic
mastery makes the hard, easier. Logic
mastery leads to better, stronger and richer comprehension. Logic
mastery improves reading and writing. Logic
mastery ease learning difficulties. Logic
mastery gives a headstart. In sum, logic
mastery will develops critical thinking, improve reading and writing,
and give a firmer base for work and studies at many levels. Good luck.
After logic,
(a) continue reading Three
Skills for Algebra, chapters 8 to 14 and do so alongside site area on solving
liinear2007 Equations ; or (b) see this calculus
starter lesson and Volume 3, Why
Slopes & More Math, chapters 2 to 6;
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Caution: Site advice is approximately
correct, for some circumstances, not all. That leaves room for thought |
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What may be learnt and when depends on how skills
and concepts are developed. Making the hard easier and clearer will allow
earlier & richer development of skills and concepts.
Try the Twiddla
Whiteboard. In principle, it allows
to people to draw and chat together online on a copy of this webpage or a clean
sheet. The chat may be via text or audio. Visit www.twiddla.com
to set up whiteboards to work with the webpage of your choice.
For online automated help in senior high school maths & calculus,
visit quickmath.com For Automatic
Calculus and Algebra Help with derivatives, integrals, graphs, linear equations,
matrix algebra, visit calc101.com
With overlap, each site quickmath
& calc101offers a different range of
services, some free, some not, all based on webmathematica. Good luck.
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Thank you for visiting
Appetizers and Lessons for Mathematics and Reason
The requested page does not exist or has most been moved
or removed. Please visit the site entrance www.whyslopes.com
or visit one of the site areas below.
People, old and young, but not too young, may
read logic
chapters 2 to 5 slowly and carefully, alone or with help, to be better
than they expect in mathematics and further arts and disciplines which
prize careful mastery of rule- and pattern-based
Brief Area Descriptions
- Complex
Numbers - ideas understandable after the unit-circle trig.
- Euclidean-Geometry
- a thought-based development of geometry before coordinates
- Analytic-Geometry
and Functions - a thought based development of coordinate
geometry and the ordered-pair view of functions
- Calculus-Introduction
- steps for mastering calculus appear here. They weave through
material in other site areas
- Fractions-Ratios-Rates-Proportions
and Units - a large collection of elementary topics, a different
perspective for teachers or gifted students.
- Francais
- the French area of this site with 4 lessons and 7 online chapters.
- FreeAccess
- the site miscellaneous area. Directory name came from a time when
a subscription model was considered for site access. The site is now
ad-supported.
- Math
Curriculum Notes - ideas for instructors
- Parent
Center - advice for parents (and the occasional teacher or
tutor) on how to help children and teens learn.
- Quebec
Maths Education - Ideas for instructors and advice, unsolicited,
for the Minister of Education in Quebec (MEQ)
- Solving
Linear Equations - an intro to algebra which also develops or
reinforces fraction sense and skill.
- Three
Skills For Algebra - an online book covering logic, algebra and
study skills.
- Volume1a
- An online Book on Pattern Based Reason or Logic, mostly
math-free, which describes the benefits, origins and limits of rule-
and pattern-based methods in many arts and disciplines. Here is a
context perhaps for mathematics education.
- Webmath
- a site area with a java applet LaTeX2HotEqn to prepare LaTeX coded
mathematics for presentation on the web. A why slopes applet
not used.
- Why
Slopes and More Math - an online book introducing calculus
and more math. Elements of this book are part of the site Calculus
Introduction
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(1) Elements
of Reason, its foreword, introduces site books and
site objectives.
- The first part 1A, Pattern Based
Reason, on striving for objectivity, describes the
benefits, origins and limits of rule- and pattern-based thought and
methods in general, that is science, technology and society, and
also in mathematics.
- The second part 1B, .Mathematics
Curriculum Notes describes obstacles to learning and teaching
mathematics, and proposes a solution. The foreword
of Volume 1B, Mathematics Curriculum Notes, and chapter
2 in Volume 1A, Pattern Based Reason, points to inductive
criteria for completeness of content in course design and delivery.
The incompleteness and hints of inconsistencies in the exposition of
mathematics are noted too as barriers to learning and teaching.
The two parts together, that is Volume 1 in full, provide a
base for building skills and knowledge, and for judging and
refining educational practices. Cognitive dissonance or confusion in
pre-college course design and delivery is implied by the growing
practice since say 1990 of pedagogical principles governing
pre-university education in contradiction with the views of
university level mathematicians and scientists on skills and
knowledge in their disciplines. See education, an empirical
art for more comments. Intelligence or critical thinking in
mathematics and logic is based on the ability to use rules and
patterns when they apply in repeatable and reproducible manner.
People who do not yet like mathematics may delay mathematics
studies and prepare for success or less misery in mathematics by
reading Pattern Based Reason in full, or
these logic
extracted from the latter and put at the start of Volume 2 below as
preparation for algebra and beyond. Pattern
Based Reason, describes the benefits, origins and limits
of rule- and pattern-based thought and methods in general.
(2) Three
Skills for Algebra shows how describing or talking about numbers
and quantities can become part of the common knowledge of mathematic
before and then beside formal ideas in mathematics. Leading logic
chapters may improve reading and writing in all subjects, not only
mathematics. If you meet difficulties or confusions in studies or work,
a remedy for them is to master logic. See if that works.
Equations and formulas may be used
forwards and backwards. In the backward use, there are numerical and
algebraic solutions. Talking about forward or direct use of
equations and formulas, and talking about numerical and algebraic
solutions for the backward or indirect use provides in retrospect, a fourth
skill for algebra, and verbalizes the themes or aims of
mathematics at the high school and college pre-calculus levels.
Learning to describe or talk about numbers and equations provides
words or missing links for understanding and developing mathematical
skills and concepts. There clear introduction of the fourth
skill in Chapter
14 involving compound growth. The development could & should
begin with the forward and backward use of formulas for perimeters and
areas, and
formulas for proportionality relations - See - Definition
- Direct & Indirect Use - Numerical versus Algebraic Solutions
for proportionality relations. The main contribution lies in the
greater and clearer use of words to describe and develop an existing
theme or thread in secondary school mathematics.
See if chapters 1 to 14 in Volume 2, Three
Skills for Algebra give a better understanding of logic and
algebra. See algebra
difficulties below and a fourth skill
for algebra in Volume 2 - on second thoughts, the volume was
misnamed.
(3) Why
Slopes and More Math shows how algebraic difficulties can be eased
or prevented in and even before calculus begins.
To understand why slopes appear
repeatedly in algebra, see the geometric
& algebraic
calculus previews in the first 6 chapters of Volume 3. The same
previews may ease or avoid difficulties (algebra shock) in the
first weeks of calculus and before that in factored polynomial,
sign, zero and extrema location. In chapters 14 to 18, the decimal
viewpoint or error control introduction of limits, provides a second
way to ease or avoid further algebra shock in calculus. The theme,
saying how to compute a number or quantity defines it, also provides a
perspective to make calculus more accessible.
Geometric
and algebraic previews
introduce calculus while providing a context for why slopes and factored
polynomials appear in earlier mathematics courses. There-in lies the
first way to ease or avoid difficulties in calculus.
Calculus
requires key elements of arithmetic, algebra, geometry and trig
at full strength. There-in lies a subject geared standard for
instruction, student centered or not, and for mathematics
instruction before calculus to be meaningful and focused. Some drill,
repetition, drudgery and correction will be required as students and
teachers follow or cover as is or consolidate earlier discovers or
inventors of mathematics to see the benefit of repeatable,
reproducible and hence verifiable answers first, before any emphasis
on critical thinking or open problems.
See too in chapters 14 to 18 the decimal
viewpoint or error control introduction of limits for a second way to
ease or avoid difficulties, and alsoto meet the theme,
saying how to compute a number or quantity defines it. Those
perspectives may make calculus & beyond more accessible.
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Helping
Your Child or Teen Learn offers parents advice and
directions, approximately correct, for some circumstances, not all.
-
(Ages 14+) [Solving
Linear Equations via fractional operations on Stick Diagrams] Explore
these lessons consolidate fraction skills and sense in learning or
teaching algebra. This site area can be combined with
chapters 8 to 12 and 14 to 16 in Volume 2 to provide junior high
school, senior high school and adult students with a solid base in
algebra.
-
(Ages 14+) [Fractions,
Ratios, Rates, Proportions & Units] - a precise reference
for instructors and for students with gifted or stubborn
reading skills. For an operational command of fractions,
master simplification, cross-cancellation in multiplication (an
exercise in simplification), division of fractions (another exercise
in efficient multiplication and simplification), and then addition
and subtraction with least common denominators and more
simplification. Simplification may employ rules for recognizing
multiples of 2, 3, 5 and 10, and exploit or emphasize 10 or 12 times
table. Instructors: (A) The fraction part of this site
area can be combined with the solution of some linear equations with
fractional operations on stick diagrams to consolidate and extend
fraction skills and sense. (B) The discussion of
ratios, rates, proportions and units, because of its algebraic
nature may be best digested after the mastery of [Solving
Linear Equations in all or part, and after chapters 8 to 12 and
14 to 16 in Volume 2.
-
(Ages 14+) [Euclidean
Geometry] - correspondence, isometry, bisection,
perpendiculars, properties of parallelograms, parallel lines and
triangles, emphasis on definitions and proofs. Here is a
self-contained minimal treatment, that needed for analytic geometry
and trig, a treatment which employs logic in a simple fashion.
See too logic
chapters 2 to 5 in online Volume 2, Three
Skills for algebra.
-
(Ages 16+) [Analytic
Geometry, Vectors, Functions] - a collection of senior high
school material, mostly needed for calculus. The collection is not
yet complete, but what is here may still help.
-
(Ages 15+) [Complex
Numbers] - optional reading besides trig, calculus, phasors,
roots of negative numbers and vectors, nominally for
college yet simple enough for senior high school studies
or technical trades. Gifted students 14 plus may read as well
- see what is not understood now, and leave the rest for
later. This site area is best explore after
this Complex Numbers starter
lesson. The starter lessons includes an applet to show how to
add and multiply vectors and complex numbers in the plane.
-
Ages 16+) [Number
Theory] -a full theoretical development from
tally marks to real numbers. Includes a thought-based development of
numbers & their properties with and without decimals.
Includes justification for methods that might be met in high
school mathematics, methods given without proof.
-
(Ages 16+) [Calculus
Intro] - support for a first course on calculus appears
here. See how different ways to introduce ideas may ease
difficulties AND enrich knowledge. The first chapters of
Volume 3 can be read first. Three
annotated guides to calculus are available too.
-
Secondary
IV Mathematics - this site area offers some support for the
Quebec secondary IV mathematics course 436. The support is as yet
incomplete, and some parts remain to be rewritten or refined.
-
Real
Analysis: Here a decimal viewpoint of real analysis to
provide a context for the decimal free viewpoint and to make the
latter more accessible.
-
Quebec Maths
Education - Description of shameful problems with books
(those available to English language schools) and the
statement of course objectives. Remedies are indicated. More are
being developed.
-
LaTeX2HotEqn;
The HotEqn applet provides a means to present LaTeX encoded
mathematics expressions online. This site area provides an applet to
automate the process of converting some LaTeX documents into
webpages.
-
DC Electric Circuits:
The lessons provide an enriched mathematical viewpoint of the
electric circuits theory that appear in Quebec 416-436 physical
science course. Quebec students should explore this part for
enrichment only.
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Francais: ||Définition
d'une variable || Algèbre
|| Arithmetique
|| Logique ||
La
raison basée sur les règles et modelés||
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Entrance Level: The pages that introduce site
content or did not fit elsewhere.
Mathematics is a discipline given by rules and
patterns or skills and concepts which have to be met and mastered
one at a time and one after another. See Three
Aims (to set) for students..
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